Fraud perpetrators tend to have better outcomes in which of the following areas compared to other property offenders?

Fraud perpetrators often experience better psychological health outcomes compared to other property offenders. This can be attributed to a variety of factors inherent in the nature of fraud itself. Unlike violent crimes or more overt property crimes, which may involve significant stress and trauma, fraud can be executed in a more calculated and controlled manner. Fraudsters often possess skills that allow them to manipulate systems and people effectively, leading to the perception of enhanced psychological well-being due to successful deception and perhaps a lack of immediate consequences.

Moreover, the intellectual aspects of committing fraud—planning and executing schemes often with the thought that they’re smarter than the system—can give offenders a sense of confidence and control, which may contribute positively to their psychological state. This stands in stark contrast to other property offenders, whose criminal activities often lead to direct confrontations with law enforcement, victims, or even violence, which can adversely affect their mental health.

The other areas, such as financial stability, criminal history, and employment history, generally do not display the same contrast between fraud perpetrators and other property offenders. Fraudsters often face significant risks of financial instability in the long run due to potential legal consequences and loss of employment if caught, while their criminal histories may not be significantly different from other property offenders, as both